See vesa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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Compare Latin Vesta (“goddess of the hearth”), Sanskrit वसति (vásati, “dwell”). Some forms are suppletive and instead derive from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti. Evolved to younger variant vera. The form est could be explained by the etymology which Prokosch and Noreen offer (the original second person singular es + -t from the analogy of preterite-present verbs and/or the accretion of the second person singular nominative personal pronoun). The resemblance of these forms to the present plural forms erum, eruð, eru is probably coincidence; the vowel /e/ of the Old Norse forms is better accounted for if these are descended from Proto-Germanic *izum etc. with Old Norse lowering of *i > e _*R (< *z).", "forms": [ { "form": "irregular", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "non-conj_vesa", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "vesa", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "vesandi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "vesit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "em", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "vas", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "est", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "vast", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "es", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "vas", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "erum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "várum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "vǫ́rum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "eruð", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "váruð", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "vǫ́ruð", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "eru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "váru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "vǫ́ru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "sjá", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "sé", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "væra", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "sér", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "værir", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "sé", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "væri", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "sém", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "værim", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "séð", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sét", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "værið", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sé", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "væri", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ves", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "vesið", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "10": "{{{ppast2}}}", "11": "", "12": "{{{ppast3}}}", "13": "", "14": "{{{3}}}", "15": "", "16": "{{{pp2}}}", "2": "verb", "3": "", "4": "{{{1}}}", "5": "", "6": "{{{spast2}}}", "7": "", "8": "{{{2}}}", "9": "", "head": "", "tr": "" }, "expansion": "vesa", "name": "head" }, { 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"{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "værim", "2": "past_sub_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "séð, sét", "2": "pres_sub_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "værið", "2": "past_sub_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "sé", "2": "pres_sub_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "væri", "2": "past_sub_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ves", "2": "impr_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "-", "2": "impr_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "vesið", "2": "impr_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" } ], "lang": "Old Norse", "lang_code": "non", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "word": "vera" } ], "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 4 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "parents": [ "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "Archaic form of vera." ], "id": "en-vesa-non-verb-VP2-lSPR", "links": [ [ "vera", "vera#Old_Norse" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "archaic" ] } ], "word": "vesa" }
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁es-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₂wes-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*wesaną" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₂wes-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "Vesta", "t": "goddess of the hearth" }, "expansion": "Latin Vesta (“goddess of the hearth”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "वसति", "t": "dwell", "tr": "vásati" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit वसति (vásati, “dwell”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁ésti" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*izum" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *izum", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-. Compare Latin Vesta (“goddess of the hearth”), Sanskrit वसति (vásati, “dwell”). Some forms are suppletive and instead derive from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti. Evolved to younger variant vera. The form est could be explained by the etymology which Prokosch and Noreen offer (the original second person singular es + -t from the analogy of preterite-present verbs and/or the accretion of the second person singular nominative personal pronoun). The resemblance of these forms to the present plural forms erum, eruð, eru is probably coincidence; the vowel /e/ of the Old Norse forms is better accounted for if these are descended from Proto-Germanic *izum etc. with Old Norse lowering of *i > e _*R (< *z).", "forms": [ { "form": "irregular", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "non-conj_vesa", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "vesa", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "vesandi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "vesit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "em", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "vas", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "est", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "vast", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "es", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "vas", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "erum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "várum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "vǫ́rum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "eruð", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "váruð", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "vǫ́ruð", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "eru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "váru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "vǫ́ru", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "sjá", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "sé", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "væra", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "sér", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "værir", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "sé", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "væri", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "sém", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "værim", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "séð", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sét", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "værið", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sé", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "væri", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "ves", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "vesið", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "10": "{{{ppast2}}}", "11": "", "12": "{{{ppast3}}}", "13": "", "14": "{{{3}}}", "15": "", "16": "{{{pp2}}}", "2": "verb", "3": "", "4": "{{{1}}}", "5": "", "6": "{{{spast2}}}", "7": "", "8": "{{{2}}}", "9": "", "head": "", "tr": "" }, "expansion": "vesa", "name": "head" }, { 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"1": "eruð", "2": "pres_ind_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "váruð, vǫ́ruð", "2": "past_ind_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "eru", "2": "pres_ind_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "váru, vǫ́ru", "2": "past_ind_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "sjá, sé", "2": "pres_sub_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "væra", "2": "past_sub_1sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "sér", "2": "pres_sub_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "værir", "2": "past_sub_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "sé", "2": "pres_sub_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "væri", "2": "past_sub_3sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "sém", "2": "pres_sub_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "værim", "2": "past_sub_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "séð, sét", "2": "pres_sub_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "værið", "2": "past_sub_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "sé", "2": "pres_sub_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "væri", "2": "past_sub_3pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "ves", "2": "impr_2sg", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "-", "2": "impr_1pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "vesið", "2": "impr_2pl", "3": "{{{mode}}}" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" } ], "lang": "Old Norse", "lang_code": "non", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "word": "vera" } ], "categories": [ "Old Norse archaic forms", "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header", "Old Norse irregular verbs", "Old Norse lemmas", "Old Norse suppletive verbs", "Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-", "Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂wes-", "Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "Old Norse verbs", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations" ], "glosses": [ "Archaic form of vera." ], "links": [ [ "vera", "vera#Old_Norse" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "archaic" ] } ], "word": "vesa" }
Download raw JSONL data for vesa meaning in Old Norse (9.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Norse dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.